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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 144, No. 7: 696-703
Copyright © 1996 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

other

Analysis of Case-Parental Control Studies: Method for the Study of Associations between Disease and Genetic Markers

W. Dana Flanders1, and Muin J. Khoury2

1Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Department of Epidemiology Atlanta, GA
2Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases Branch, Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta, GA

Reprint requests to Dr. W. Dana Panders, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, N.E., Atlanta, GA 30322.

Case-control studies using parents of case subjects as the control subjects provide an innovative way to study associations of genetic markers with disease risk. This approach, sometimes called the haplotype-relative risk method, has received recent attention because the use of parents as control subjects may reduce or eliminate the confounding associated with differences in race, ethnicity, or genetic background. We provide a new method for analysis of such case-parental control studies. The method of analysis is noniterative and yields simple estimates of risk ratios associated with genetic markers. It easily accommodates the situation in which data are available from only one parent. Although we illustrate the approach for a locus with two alleles, the analyses extend immediately to loci wrth multiple alleles. Am J Epidemiol 1996;144:696–703.

alleles; case-control studies; epidemiology, genetic; haplotypes; risk


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